Ku wa Gatatu, FIFA yasabwe kudaha Arabie Saoudite uburenganzira bwo kwakira Igikombe cy’Isi cya 2034 mu cyumweru gitaha, keretse habayeho ingamba zifatika zo kurinda abakozi b’abimukira bakora ku mishinga minini muri icyo gihugu.
Umuryango mpuzamahanga udaharanira inyungu ushinzwe kurinda no guteza imbere uburenganzira bwa muntu ku isi (Human Rights Watch)
ugaragaza ko ihohoterwa rikekwa nyuma yo kuganira n’abakozi barenga 150 bahoze cyangwa bakiri mu kazi, ndetse n’imiryango y’abapfiriye muri Arabie Saoudite, mu gihe cy’imyaka ibiri yakoreshejwe mu gukora raporo yitwa “Die First, And I’ll Pay You Later” (Banza Upfe, Maze Nzakwishyure Nyuma).
Ihohoterwa rikekwa ryavuzwe muri raporo ririmo kwaka abimukira amafaranga y’ubukode mu buryo butemewe kandi bukabije, imirimo y’agahato, kwamburwa imishahara, gukora mu bushyuhe bukabije, no kubura uburenganzira bwemewe n’amategeko. Abashakashatsi baganiriye n’abakozi bo mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo iby’ubwubatsi, amahoteli, serivisi z’ubuzima bwigenga, n’ubucuruzi.
Human Rights Watch yagize iti: “Abayobozi ba Arabie Saoudite bananiwe kurinda abakozi b’abimukira no gukemura ibibazo byabo. Uku kunanirwa kugaragara ko kurinda abakozi b’abimukira bitanga icyizere gike ko Igikombe cy’Isi cya 2034 … kizagira isura mbi kubera ihungabanywa ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu.”
FIFA yanze guha agaciro ibyifuzo by’abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu n’abanyamategeko bigenga basaba kugenzura neza gahunda ya Arabie Saoudite yo kwakira Igikombe cy’Isi, harimo n’uburenganzira ku bigo by’ubugenzuzi mpuzamahanga. Bavuga ko FIFA ishobora gusubira mu makosa nk’ayo yakozwe mu myaka icumi ishize mu kwitegura Igikombe cy’Isi cya 2022 cyabereye muri Qatar, nubwo hari impuruza z’itsinda nka Human Rights Watch na Amnesty International.
Qatar yashyizeho impinduka nyinshi ku “sisteme ya kafala” izirikira abakozi ku bakoresha babo, kandi iyi sisiteme iri muri Arabie Saoudite, ariko abashinzwe kunenga bavuga ko amategeko atubahirijwe buri gihe.
Isuzuma ryakozwe na FIFA ku mushinga wa Arabie Saoudite ryashimangiye ubushake bwayo, ariko ryavuze ko bisaba “imbaraga nyinshi n’igihe kinini” kugira ngo yubahirize amahame y’uburenganzira bwa muntu mpuzamahanga, yakomeje kunengwa cyane muri uyu mwaka mu Kanama k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye gashinzwe Uburenganzira bwa Muntu.
Ibikorwa bikubiyemo: kubaka sitade 15 muri gahunda y’igikombe cy’Isi, amahoteli yongerwa ubushobozi bw’ibyumba 175,000 mu mijyi itanu izakira, gutunganya inzira z’amashanyarazi, imihanda, n’ibyambu. Umujyi wa Neom, utekerezwa mu buryo buhanitse, witezweho sitade ya metero 350 z’uburebure “sitade idasanzwe ku isi.”
Stade umunani zigomba kubakwa bundi bushya, harimo imwe iri muri Riyadh ifite imyanya 92,000 izakira umukino ufungura n’umukino wa nyuma. Izindi stade eshatu zirimo kubakwa ubu zizakoreshwa mu Gikombe cy’Aziya cya 2027. Izindi enye zizavugururwa cyangwa zisubizwe ku rwego rwiza.
Raporo ivuga ko hari abimukira bagera kuri miliyoni 13.4 muri Arabie Saoudite, bangana na 40% by’abaturage bose. Abaturuka muri Bangladesh nibo benshi, bangana na 15.8%, bakurikirwa n’abaturuka mu Buhinde, Pakistan, na Yemen bangana na 14%.
Human Rights Watch isaba ko FIFA yasubika gutangaza ko Arabie Saoudite izakira Igikombe cy’Isi kugeza igihe uburenganzira bw’abakozi b’abimukira, abagore, itangazamakuru, n’uburenganzira bw’ibanze byubahirijwe. Irasaba kandi ko hagira ibigo by’uburenganzira byigenga bihabwa uburenganzira bwo kugenzura ibikorwa mu myaka 10 iri imbere.
Ibihugu by’abimukira bisabwe kongera ubufasha kuri ambasade no kumenyesha abaturage babo uburenganzira bwabo, ndetse no gukangurira Arabie Saoudite gushyiraho umushahara fatizo udasumbanya. Kompanyi zikorera ku mishinga ishyigikiwe na Public Investment Fund zirasabwa gukora igenzura ryigenga no gushyira ahagaragara intego z’ishyirahamwe ry’ubucuruzi n’uburenganzira bwa muntu.
Abaterankunga b’Igikombe cy’Isi basabwe gushinga ikigega cy’indishyi cyafasha abakozi b’abimukira n’imiryango yabo, kubishyura imishahara bambuwe, kuvura ibikomere cyangwa kwishyura imfu zabaye mu bikorwa byo kwitegura iri rushanwa. Kugeza ubu, FIFA nta baterankunga ifite b’iki gikombe cy’Isi cya 2034.
