Ku wa Mbere tariki ya 26 Gicurasi 2025, ahagana saa munani z’amanywa, inkuru ibabaje cyane yangezeho ko hari abana bishe mugenzi wabo.
Ni inkuru y’ abana biga ku ishuri rimwe mu Karere ka Gicumbi, mu Ntara y’Amajyaruguru, bakubise mugenzi wabo w’imyaka 13 bikamuviramo gupfa.
Bidatinze, iyo nkuru yakwirakwiye mu bitangazamakuru no ku mbuga nkoranyambaga. Ibyatangajwe byavugaga ko abana batandatu b’abahungu, bari hagati y’imyaka 14 na 15, bakubise uwo mwana bamushinja kurya ku ishuri kandi atari yize mbere ya saa sita, Inkuru yakomezaga ivuga ko gukubita mugenzi wabo bari babisabwe n’umwarimu, maze ngo ubwo yageragezaga kubahunga, agwa mu cyobo cyari hafi aho, ahita yitaba Imana.
Ni inkuru yasize benshi mu gahinda, ariko ku bwanjye nk’umunyamakuru, kandi nk’umuntu yasize nibaza ibibazo bikomeye mu mutima: bigenda bite iyo abana bishe mugenzi wabo? Umwana wishe undi afatwa ate? Akurikiranwa ate? Afungwa ate? Arengerwa ate?
Mu gukomeza kwibaza, natekereje gukora iyi nkuru igira iti: “Bigenda bite iyo umwana akurikiranyweho icyaha? Imbere mu butabera n’iyubahirizwa ry’uburenganzira bw’umwana mu Rwanda.”
Ubutabera bw’abana si uguhana gusa, ni ukurerera ejo hazaza
Mu Rwanda, umwana ukurikiranyweho icyaha ntafatwa nk’umunyabyaha usanzwe. Igihugu cyashyizeho amategeko, politiki n’inzego zigamije kumurinda no kumufasha kwisubiraho.
Bwana Andre Twahirwa, umukozi muri Minisiteri y’Ubutabera (MINIJUST) mu ishami rishinzwe kwegereza abaturage ubutabera, asobanura ko Leta itanga abunganizi mu mategeko ku bana bose bakurikiranyweho ibyaha.
Minisiteri y’Ubutabera ikorana n’Urugaga rw’Abavoka mu Rwanda (Rwanda Bar Association), ku buryo umwana ahabwa umwunganizizi mu mategeko kuva akimara gufatwa, mu rubanza rw’ibanze kugera mu bujurire.
Kuri buri rukiko rwisumbuye, hari nibura abunganizi mu mategeko babiri cyangwa batatu bihariye ku manza z’abana.
Bwana Twahirwa avuga ko inzego z’umutekano, iz’ibanze n’iz’ubugenzacyaha zose zahawe nimero za telefone z’ abunganizi mu mategeko bunganira abana, ku buryo nta mwana ugomba kubazwa cyangwa gukurikiranwa adafite umwunganira mu mategeko.
Ibi byose bishingiye ku itegeko rirengera umwana, ku masezerano mpuzamahanga u Rwanda rwasinye, no kuri Politiki y’Igihugu y’Ubutabera bugenewe Abana (Rwanda National Policy of Child Justice) yemejwe mu 2014.
Imibare igaragaza ishusho y’ubutabera bw’abana
Mu gihembwe cya Mata–Gicurasi–Kamena 2025, abana 799 bunganiwe mu mategeko, barimo abahungu 697 n’abakobwa 101.
Muri bo:
- 179 barekuwe batagejejwe mu nkiko
- 258 baburanye badafunze
- 276 bafunzwe by’agateganyo
- 54 bakatiwe n’inkiko
Amategeko y’u Rwanda ateganya ko umwana adashobora gukatirwa igihano cya burundu. Igihano ntarengwa ku mwana ntikirenza imyaka 10 kugeza kuri 15, kandi ahabwa kimwe cya kabiri cy’igihano cyateganyijwe ku muntu mukuru.
By’umwihariko, ifungwa ry’agateganyo ku mwana ntirishobora kurenza iminsi 15 kandi ntiryongerwa.
Igororero ryihariye ry’abana: Gukosora aho guhana
Iyo umwana amaze guhamwa n’icyaha n’inkiko, ashobora koherezwa kugororerwa mu Igororero ry’Abana rya Nyagatare, riherereye mu Murenge wa Nyagatare, Akagari ka Barija, Umudugudu wa Burumba.
Iri gororero ryatangiye gukora mu 2004, ariko kuva mu 2009 ryagizwe igororero ryihariye ry’abana.
CSP Sengabo Hillary Emmanuel, Umuvugizi wa Rwanda Correction Service (RCS), avuga ko ihame rya mbere ari ugufata umwana nk’umwana, atari nk’umunyabyaha.
Ati: “Icyo dukora cya mbere ni ukwereka umwana ko ari gufatwa nk’umwana mbere na mbere.”
Muri iri gororero, abana bahabwa aho kurara heza, amafunguro yuzuye arimo n’amata, bakomeza amashuri yabo, ndetse ababishaka bigishwa imyuga itandukanye. Hari n’abaganga b’indwara zo mu mutwe babafasha guhangana n’ihungabana, cyane ko benshi baba baturutse mu buzima bugoye.
Gutegura umwana gusubira mu muryango
RCS itegura abana ku buzima bwo hanze hakiri kare. Bahabwa amasomo y’imyuga irimo gusudira, kubaka, gutunganya imisatsi, amashanyarazi n’ amazi. Iyo basoje, kandi bahabwa impamyabumenyi ku bufatanye na Rwanda TVET Board, ndetse hari abafatanyabikorwa babafasha kubona ibikoresho byo kwikorera.
Inyungu z’umwana mbere na mbere
Madame Immaculée Mukankiriho, umukozi mu kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe imikurire y’umwana (NCDA), asobanura ko ihame nyamukuru ari uko umwana n’iyo yaba akurikiranyweho icyaha abanza gufatwa nk’ukeneye kurindwa no gufashwa.
Ati: “Twemeranyijwe n’inzego zose z’ubutabera ko nta mwana n’umwe ugomba kubazwa cyangwa gukurikiranwa mu mategeko atunganiwe. Ibyo ni ihame ridakuka.”
Iyo mu rubanza umwana aregwamo hakenewe ibimenyetso bya gihanga (DNA), NCDA yishyura ikiguzi cyacyo kugira ngo umwana ataba yabirenganiramo bitewe n’ubushobozi buke bw’umuryango.
Imanza z’abana ziburanishwa mu muhezo
Mu kiganiro yagiranye na www.peopletv.rw, Bwana Nkusi Faustin, Umuvugizi w’Ubushinjacyaha, asobanura ko imanza z’abana zitegurwa kandi zikaburanishwa mu buryo bwihariye hagamijwe kurengera umwana n’icyubahiro cye.
Avuga ko imanza z’abana zihera mu Rukiko rwisumbuye, zikaburanishwa n’abacamanza bihariye ku manza z’abana, kandi zikabera mu muhezo, mu byumba byabugenewe, hatari abantu benshi ndetse hatari n’itangazamakuru.
Umwana aburana ari kumwe n’umubyeyi we cyangwa undi umuhagarariye mu mategeko, kugira ngo yumve atekanye kandi adasigara wenyine mu nzira y’ubutabera.
Bwana Nkusi avuga ko umwana ukurikiranyweho icyaha ahabwa umwunganizi mu mategeko umarana na we umwanya uhagije, amusobanurira mu buryo bworoheje imiterere y’ibyo aregwa, kugira ngo abisobanukirwe bitewe n’imyaka n’ubushobozi bwe bwo kumva.
Agira ati: “Intego si ukumutesha agaciro, ahubwo ni ukumufasha gusobanukirwa neza ibyo aregwa n’inzira ari kunyuramo.”
Ku bijyanye n’ibihano, avuga ko umwana uhamijwe icyaha ahabwa igihano cyoroshye kigamije kumurera no kumufasha kwisubiraho, aho kumuhana bikabije.
Ifungwa nk’ amahitamo ya nyuma
Bwana Nkusi Faustin ashimangira ko gufunga umwana bitaba igisubizo cya mbere, ahubwo biba ari amahitamo ya nyuma iyo bigaragara ko nta yindi nzira ishoboka ihari.
Ati: “Ifungwa ry’umwana rikorwa gusa iyo nta yindi nzira ishoboka ihari. Icy’ingenzi ni ukurengera inyungu z’umwana, kumufasha kwisubiraho no kumurinda ingaruka mbi z’icyaha.”
Avuga ko inzira yose y’ubushinjacyaha igamije kurinda umwana, kumwigisha no kumutegura kugaruka mu buzima busanzwe, aho kumushyira mu byago bishobora kumwangiririza ejo hazaza he.
Kurinda icyubahiro cy’umwana
Me Felix Rudakemwa, umunyamategeko umaze imyaka 26 muri uyu mwuga, ashimangira ko gufungira abana hamwe n’abantu bakuru byari amahano, akaba ashimira Leta kuba yarashyizeho igororero ryihariye ry’abana.
Uyu munyamategeko asanga kandi kumurikira itangazamakuru abana bakurikiranwe mu butabera atari byo, kuko umwirondoro wabo ugomba kugirwa ibanga, cyane ko baba bakiri abere mu mategeko.
Amarangamutima n’uruhare rw’ababyeyi
Kanakuze Melanie (izina ryahinduwe), ni umubyeyi ufite umwana uri mu igororero, avuga ko nubwo byamubabaje kubona umwana we afunzwe, yishimira ko ari ahantu hagamije kumugorora ndetse bamufasha gukomeza amasomo.
Binego Emmanuel (izina ryahinduwe), na we ni umubyeyi ufite umwana wakatiwe igihano cy’ igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri, ashimira Leta kuba yarashyizeho igororero ryihariye ry’abana, aho baba bari kumwe n’abo bangana aho gufunganwa n’abantu bakuru.
Kurengera umwana ni ukurengera ejo hazaza h’igihugu
Mu Rwanda, ubutabera bw’abana ntibushingiye ku guhana gusa, ahubwo ni no kurinda, kwigisha no gukosora. Intego akaba ari ugukosora umwana, gukomeza kumwubaka no kumugarura mu muryango afite icyizere n’ubushobozi.
Kurengera uburenganzira bw’umwana si inyungu ye yonyine; ni ishoramari ku hazaza h’igihugu. Umwana witabwaho kandi ugororwa neza ni inkingi y’iterambere rirambye.
Mu butabera bw’abana, guhana ni nyuma; intego nyamukuru ni ukwigisha, gukosora no kubaka ejo hazaza h’umwana n’igihugu.
